Evidence supporting the use of: DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
For the body system: Eyes

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that is highly concentrated in the retina of the eye, particularly in the photoreceptor cells responsible for vision. There is substantial scientific evidence supporting DHA’s role in eye health, especially in the development and maintenance of normal visual function. Several clinical and epidemiological studies have shown that adequate maternal DHA intake during pregnancy and infancy is associated with better visual acuity and retinal development in infants. For example, systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that infants fed DHA-enriched formulas show improvements in visual function compared to those who are not.

In addition to its role in early development, DHA may play a protective role against age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in older adults. Some observational studies suggest that higher dietary intake or blood levels of DHA are linked to reduced risk of AMD, though results from interventional studies are more mixed. Overall, authoritative bodies such as the American Academy of Ophthalmology and the European Food Safety Authority recognize DHA’s contribution to the maintenance of normal vision. However, while evidence is strong for early development, efficacy in disease prevention or treatment in adults is less conclusive, leading to a moderate-to-high evidence rating.

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