Lipids, particularly certain types such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., EPA and DHA), have substantial scientific support for their role in supporting the eye's body system. Numerous clinical studies and systematic reviews indicate that omega-3 fatty acids help maintain retinal function and may protect against the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and dry eye syndrome. For example, the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2), funded by the National Eye Institute, explored the effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids in individuals at high risk for AMD and found a potential benefit for some subgroups, though not conclusive for all outcomes. Other research has shown that omega-3 supplementation can improve tear production and reduce symptoms in people with dry eye disease, likely due to anti-inflammatory properties and effects on the lipid layer of the tear film.

Historically, traditional uses of lipids for eye health are less well-documented, but the modern scientific literature provides a clear rationale for the inclusion of specific lipids in eye-support formulations. It is important to note that not all lipids are beneficial for eye health; the evidence is strongest for omega-3 fatty acids from fish and some plant sources. Overall, the scientific community recognizes a moderate to strong level of evidence (rated 4/5) for the role of specific lipids in supporting the eyes, particularly in the contexts of dry eye and AMD.