Pumpkin is used to support the eyes primarily due to its high content of provitamin A carotenoids, especially beta-carotene. Scientific studies have established that beta-carotene is a precursor to vitamin A, an essential nutrient for maintaining normal vision. Vitamin A deficiency is a well-known cause of preventable blindness, especially in children. Multiple research reviews and clinical guidelines highlight the role of carotenoid-rich foods, such as pumpkin, in supporting eye health and potentially reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts.

Aside from beta-carotene, pumpkin also provides lutein and zeaxanthin, two carotenoids that accumulate in the retina and may help protect against oxidative damage from light exposure. Epidemiological studies have shown a correlation between higher dietary intake of these carotenoids and a lower risk of AMD, although the evidence is stronger for leafy greens than for pumpkin specifically. Nevertheless, pumpkin contributes to overall carotenoid intake.

While direct clinical trials on pumpkin itself are limited, the scientific consensus around carotenoids and eye health provides a reasonable basis for using pumpkin as a supportive dietary component. Therefore, the use of pumpkin for supporting the eyes is grounded in scientific evidence, though this evidence is mostly indirect, leading to a moderate rating.