Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin E (tocofersolan)
For the body system: Eyes
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3
Vitamin E (including its water-soluble form, tocofersolan or tocophersolan) is used to support eye health, primarily for its antioxidant properties. The rationale is that oxidative stress contributes to the development of age-related eye diseases, particularly age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataracts. The most significant scientific evaluation comes from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS and AREDS2), large randomized controlled trials sponsored by the National Eye Institute. The original AREDS formulation included vitamin E (400 IU), vitamin C, beta-carotene, zinc, and copper, and demonstrated a reduction in the risk of progression to advanced AMD in people at high risk. However, vitamin E’s role specifically, as opposed to the combination, is less clear, as subsequent studies have not shown conclusive benefit for vitamin E alone in preventing or slowing AMD or cataracts.
Tocofersolan is sometimes preferred in clinical settings (e.g., pediatrics, malabsorption disorders) because it is water-soluble and better absorbed in individuals with fat absorption issues. However, in the context of eye health, its use is based on the same antioxidant rationale as standard vitamin E. Overall, while antioxidant supplementation (including vitamin E) is scientifically validated as part of a combination for certain high-risk groups, the direct evidence for vitamin E alone (including tocofersolan) in supporting general eye health or preventing disease is moderate and not definitive.
Other ingredients that support Eyes
acetyl l-carnitinealgal oil
alpha-carotene
anchovies
anthocyanins
apricot
astaxanthin
berry flavor
beta-carotene
bilberry
black currant
blackberry
blueberry
broccoli
calamari oil
carrot
citicoline
cryptoxanthin
d-alpha tocopherol
DHA (docosahexaeonic acid)
EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid)
fish oil
flavonols
fruit and vegetable blend (proprietary)
gooseberry
hyaluronic acid
hypromellose
kale
l-carnosine
l-taurine
lutein
mackerel
mannitol
marine lipid
melatonin
mixed carotenoids
omega-3 fatty acids
orange
pine bark
pumpkin
riboflavin (vitamin B2)
rutin
saffron
sardines
shrimp
spinach
tomato
triphala
vegetable and fruit blend (proprietary)
vitamin A
vitamin B
vitamin C
vitamin E
water
mulberry
zeaxanthin
zinc
chickweed
morus
chrysanthemum
haliotis
polyphenols
trace minerals
goji berry
herbal blend (proprietary)
algae
3,3'-dihydroxy-B-carotene-4,4'-dione
Aronia melanocarpa
Alchornea
Avocado
anthocyanidins
anthocyanosides
beta-zeacarotene
Beef liver
Blakeslea trispora
berry
Bioflavonoids
Bee products
Barbary matrimony vine
Crocin
Carnosine
Cod Liver Oil
Cyanidin
Cornflower
Cantaloupe
Chinese Ligustrum berry
Cornus
Carotene (unspecified)
Crocetin
Cocklebur
Crypthecodinium
Celosia
Capsanthin
Currant
Dunaliella salina
Docosahexaenoic Acid
Dunaliella
Egg
Ergothioneine
Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Flavonoids
fibroblast growth factor
Rose
Squid
Squash
Other body systems supported by Vitamin E (tocofersolan)
BrainCirculatory System
Eyes
Heart
Immune System
Liver
Male Reproductive System
Muscles
Skin