Evidence supporting the use of: Acetyl l-carnitine
For the health condition: Fatigue

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Acetyl L-carnitine (ALCAR) is supported by a moderate level of scientific evidence for its use in addressing fatigue, particularly in specific populations. ALCAR is a naturally occurring derivative of the amino acid L-carnitine and plays a key role in mitochondrial energy metabolism by facilitating the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria for beta-oxidation. Clinical studies have investigated its effects in various forms of fatigue, including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), age-related fatigue, and fatigue associated with chronic illnesses such as multiple sclerosis, cancer, and post-chemotherapy states.

Randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses suggest that ALCAR supplementation can reduce both physical and mental fatigue in certain patient groups. For example, a 2017 meta-analysis in "Nutrients" found that ALCAR supplementation improved fatigue in patients with chronic fatigue and neurological disorders. Another systematic review published in 2020 in "Pharmacological Research" found moderate evidence supporting ALCAR’s benefit in fatigue, particularly for patients with multiple sclerosis and fibromyalgia. The mechanism is thought to involve enhanced mitochondrial function, improved energy production, and possible neuroprotective effects.

However, evidence is mixed, with some studies showing little or no benefit in otherwise healthy individuals. Most robust findings are noted in secondary fatigue—fatigue due to other underlying conditions. Side effects are generally mild and include gastrointestinal symptoms. Overall, ALCAR is not a cure for fatigue but may be a supportive adjunct in select cases, with the strongest evidence found in chronic and disease-related fatigue rather than general tiredness.

More about acetyl l-carnitine
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