Apigenin is a natural flavonoid found in various fruits and vegetables, notably in parsley, chamomile, and celery. Its potential role in supporting or treating Fatty Liver Disease (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD) has been explored primarily in preclinical studies. Animal studies and in vitro experiments have shown that apigenin may exert hepatoprotective effects by reducing hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation. For example, several rodent studies have demonstrated that apigenin supplementation can decrease liver fat content, modulate lipid metabolism genes, and suppress inflammatory cytokines, potentially ameliorating NAFLD pathology. Mechanistically, these effects are thought to be mediated by the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), improvement of mitochondrial function, and downregulation of lipogenic genes.

However, there are currently no large-scale, high-quality clinical trials in humans evaluating apigenin specifically for the treatment or prevention of Fatty Liver Disease. The evidence is therefore limited to experimental models, and its translation to human health outcomes is uncertain. While these findings provide a scientific rationale for further investigation, the current level of evidence is low (rated 2/5), and apigenin should not be considered a proven therapy for NAFLD at this time. More robust clinical studies are needed to determine its efficacy and safety in human populations.