Chicory fiber, primarily composed of inulin, has been investigated for its potential benefits in metabolic health, including fatty liver disease (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD). Preclinical studies in rodents have shown that inulin supplementation may help reduce liver fat accumulation, improve insulin sensitivity, and modulate gut microbiota, which can influence liver health. The proposed mechanisms include increased production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from fermentation by gut bacteria, reduction in inflammation, and improvement in lipid metabolism.

However, clinical evidence in humans is limited and generally of low quality. A few small randomized controlled trials have suggested that inulin supplementation may modestly reduce liver enzymes and improve some markers of liver health in patients with NAFLD, but the effects are inconsistent and often not statistically significant. Larger, well-designed clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.

Overall, while there is some scientific rationale and preliminary evidence supporting the use of chicory fiber (inulin) for fatty liver disease, the strength of the evidence is currently low (rated 2/5). It should not be considered a primary or standalone treatment for fatty liver disease at this time.