Flax (Linum usitatissimum), particularly in the form of flaxseed or flaxseed oil, has been studied for its potential benefits in supporting liver health, including in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The scientific interest centers on flaxseed’s high content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, an omega-3 fatty acid) and lignans, which possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Several animal studies have suggested that flaxseed supplementation can reduce hepatic fat accumulation and improve markers of liver function, potentially through modulation of lipid metabolism, reduction of oxidative stress, and improvement of insulin sensitivity.

However, robust clinical evidence in humans remains limited. A small number of randomized controlled trials have indicated that flaxseed supplementation might improve liver enzyme levels and markers of inflammation in patients with NAFLD, but these studies are generally small and of short duration. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses note that while preliminary results are promising, larger and longer-term human trials are needed to confirm efficacy and safety.

In summary, the use of flax for fatty liver disease is grounded in a growing body of preclinical data and some early clinical studies, but the overall level of evidence is modest. Its use is not based primarily on traditional medicine practices for this indication, but rather on emerging scientific investigation.