Gastrodia elata, commonly known as Tian Ma, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, primarily for neurological and convulsive disorders. Recent scientific research has begun to validate some of these traditional uses, specifically regarding Gastrodia's influence on the GABAergic system. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that extracts of Gastrodia elata and its active components, such as gastrodin and vanillin, can modulate GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) neurotransmission in the central nervous system.

These studies, largely conducted in animal models, indicate that Gastrodia elata may increase GABA levels or enhance GABA receptor activity, leading to anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and neuroprotective effects. For example, research published in peer-reviewed journals has shown that gastrodin can inhibit GABA transaminase, the enzyme responsible for GABA degradation, resulting in increased GABA concentrations in the brain. This mechanism is thought to contribute to observed reductions in seizure activity and improvements in sleep and anxiety in animal studies.

However, while these findings are promising, robust clinical trials in humans are limited. Most evidence is still preclinical, and further research is needed to confirm efficacy and safety in human populations. Thus, the use of Gastrodia to support the GABAergic system is supported by moderate scientific evidence, though not yet conclusively proven in clinical settings.