Bile salts are naturally occurring compounds produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder, playing a critical role in the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. The use of supplemental bile salts (such as ox bile) is scientifically justified, particularly in cases where gallbladder function is compromised or after gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy). In such scenarios, the body's ability to emulsify and absorb fats is diminished, leading to digestive discomfort and nutrient malabsorption.

Clinical studies and case reports have shown that bile salt supplementation can improve fat digestion and alleviate symptoms such as steatorrhea (fatty stools), bloating, and diarrhea in individuals with bile acid insufficiency. According to a review published in World Journal of Gastroenterology (2017), bile acid replacement therapy is a well-established treatment for certain types of bile acid malabsorption, including that seen after gallbladder removal.

While most studies focus on post-surgical or disease states, the scientific rationale for bile salt supplementation is clear in supporting gallbladder-related digestive processes. However, in individuals with normal gallbladder function, routine supplementation is not widely recommended or supported by evidence. Overall, there is strong scientific support for the use of bile salts in specific clinical scenarios involving gallbladder dysfunction or absence.