Evidence supporting the use of: Bile acid (unspecified)
For the health condition: Gall Stones

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Bile acids, specifically ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), have robust scientific validation for the treatment of certain types of gallstones, particularly cholesterol gallstones. The mechanism of action involves reducing cholesterol saturation in bile, leading to gradual dissolution of cholesterol-rich gallstones. Numerous randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated the efficacy of UDCA in dissolving small, radiolucent (cholesterol) gallstones in patients who are not ideal candidates for surgery. Evidence supporting this use is strong, with guidelines from gastroenterological societies recommending UDCA for select patients. Other bile acids, such as chenodeoxycholic acid, have also been studied but are less commonly used due to adverse effects. It should be noted that bile acid therapy is not effective for pigment stones or large, calcified stones. The treatment duration is often prolonged (months to years), and recurrence after discontinuation is possible. Overall, the use of (specific) bile acids for gallstone dissolution is rooted in extensive clinical research rather than tradition or anecdote.

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