Evidence supporting the use of: Glycochenodeoxycholic acid
For the health condition: Gall Stones
Synopsis
Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3
Glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) is a conjugated form of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), a primary bile acid. The use of bile acids, specifically chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid, has been scientifically validated as a non-surgical treatment option for cholesterol gallstones. These agents act by reducing cholesterol saturation in bile, thus promoting the gradual dissolution of cholesterol gallstones. GCDCA itself is not commonly used directly as a pharmaceutical treatment; rather, it is CDCA, its precursor, that is administered. Nonetheless, GCDCA is a natural constituent of bile and participates in the solubilization and emulsification of cholesterol in the gallbladder. Clinical studies from the 1970s and 1980s demonstrated that oral CDCA could dissolve radiolucent cholesterol gallstones in selected patients, particularly those who are not good candidates for surgery. The treatment is typically prolonged, may require months to years, and is only effective for small, non-calcified stones. GCDCA, as a metabolite, is involved in the same physiological pathways but is not itself directly prescribed. In summary, the use of bile acids for gallstone dissolution is scientifically validated, though GCDCA is not the agent of choice. The evidence rating is 3 because while the pathway is well understood and validated for CDCA, GCDCA itself is not the direct therapeutic agent in clinical practice.
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