Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Bromelain is a proteolytic enzyme complex derived from the pineapple plant (Ananas comosus). Its application in managing gingivitis is primarily supported by preliminary scientific evidence rather than longstanding traditional use. Bromelain exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous, and mild analgesic properties, which are theoretically beneficial for gingival inflammation. Small-scale clinical studies and in vitro experiments have suggested that bromelain may help reduce inflammation and modulate immune responses in oral tissues. For example, a few randomized controlled trials have reported that oral or topical bromelain can reduce gingival inflammation and bleeding in mild-to-moderate gingivitis, likely due to its ability to inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators and break down protein debris within dental plaque.

Despite these encouraging findings, the overall quality and quantity of evidence are limited. Sample sizes are small, study durations are short, and results are sometimes inconsistent. Furthermore, bromelain is not commonly included in mainstream dental practice guidelines for gingivitis, and its effectiveness is often compared with standard treatments like chlorhexidine or mechanical plaque removal, to which it may be inferior or only modestly beneficial as an adjunct.

In summary, bromelain has some scientific support for use in gingivitis, but the evidence base is weak to moderate (rating: 2/5). More robust, large-scale clinical trials are necessary before it can be recommended as a primary or standard therapy for gingival inflammation.

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