Evidence supporting the use of: Salt (sea)
For the health condition: Goiter

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Goiter, an enlargement of the thyroid gland, is most commonly caused by iodine deficiency. Salt (specifically iodized salt) has a well-established role in the prevention and treatment of goiter. The scientific rationale stems from the thyroid’s requirement for iodine to synthesize thyroid hormones. In regions with low natural iodine in soil and water, dietary deficiency was widespread, historically leading to endemic goiter and related disorders. Salt is an ideal vehicle for iodine supplementation because it is widely used and its intake is relatively consistent across populations.

Systematic public health measures to add iodine to table salt began in the early 20th century, with Switzerland and the United States being among the first countries to implement iodization programs. Numerous large-scale studies and WHO reports confirm that the introduction of iodized salt has dramatically reduced the prevalence of goiter and other iodine deficiency disorders globally. Sea salt, unless specifically iodized, typically contains insufficient iodine to prevent goiter. Thus, while the intervention is scientifically validated, it is iodized salt—not regular sea salt—that is effective.

In summary, the use of iodized salt to prevent and treat goiter is supported by robust scientific evidence, and its adoption has virtually eliminated endemic goiter in many parts of the world. The practice is recommended by the World Health Organization and other health authorities.

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