Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Goiter, an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland, is most commonly caused by iodine deficiency. Seaweed, particularly varieties such as kelp, nori, and wakame, is naturally rich in iodine—a micronutrient essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The use of seaweed to treat or prevent goiter is supported by both historical and scientific evidence. Historically, populations with access to iodine-rich foods, including seaweed, have exhibited lower incidences of goiter compared to those in iodine-deficient regions. The scientific basis for seaweed’s efficacy lies in its high iodine content, which can help restore normal thyroid function in individuals whose goiter is due to insufficient iodine intake.

Numerous studies and public health interventions have demonstrated the effectiveness of iodine supplementation, including dietary sources like seaweed, in reducing goiter prevalence. The World Health Organization and other health agencies recognize iodine supplementation as a cornerstone of goiter prevention and treatment. However, it is important to note that excessive intake of iodine, such as from overconsumption of seaweed, can have adverse effects and may worsen certain thyroid disorders. Thus, while the scientific evidence strongly supports the use of seaweed as a dietary intervention for iodine-deficiency goiter (evidence rating: 4 out of 5), its use should be monitored to avoid iodine excess.

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