Evidence supporting the use of: Bacteria (unspecified)
For the body system: Gums

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Table of Contents

Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Bacteria, specifically probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, have scientific evidence supporting their use for gum health. Multiple clinical studies and systematic reviews have demonstrated that certain probiotic strains can help reduce gum inflammation (gingivitis) and periodontal disease markers. The proposed mechanisms involve the modulation of the oral microbiota, inhibition of periodontal pathogens, and reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. For example, randomized controlled trials have shown that lozenges or tablets containing Lactobacillus reuteri or Lactobacillus salivarius can reduce bleeding on probing and plaque indices in patients with gingivitis and mild periodontitis. Additionally, meta-analyses have concluded that probiotic supplementation, as an adjunct to standard dental hygiene, can provide modest but significant improvements in gum health outcomes.

However, the term “Bacteria (unspecified)” is broad. While specific beneficial strains have evidence, not all bacteria are beneficial or safe for use in oral health. The scientific support is primarily linked to well-characterized probiotic strains, not bacteria in general. Therefore, while there is a strong scientific basis for using certain probiotics to support gum health, the benefits do not extend to all bacterial species. The evidence level is rated 4, as the benefit is substantiated for specific probiotics but not universally for all bacteria.

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