Evidence supporting the use of: Flavanones
For the body system: Gums

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Flavanones, a subclass of flavonoids commonly found in citrus fruits such as oranges, lemons, and grapefruits, have been investigated for their potential benefits on oral health, particularly the gums. Several scientific studies suggest that flavanones—especially hesperidin and naringenin—exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties that may be beneficial in supporting periodontal (gum) health.

Research has shown that gingival inflammation, a key factor in gum disease, involves oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators. Flavanones have been found to reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative species in in vitro and animal studies. For example, hesperidin has been reported to inhibit the expression of inflammatory markers in human gingival fibroblasts and to reduce alveolar bone loss in experimental models of periodontitis. Additionally, flavanones may inhibit the growth of certain oral pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, which are implicated in periodontal disease.

While these findings are promising, most of the evidence to date comes from laboratory and animal research, with relatively few well-controlled clinical trials in humans. Some small-scale clinical studies have suggested a benefit in reducing gingival bleeding and inflammation with flavanone-rich citrus extracts, but more robust trials are needed to establish conclusive efficacy. In summary, current scientific evidence moderately supports the use of flavanones for gum health, though further clinical research is warranted.

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