Polyphenols are a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found abundantly in plants, such as fruits, vegetables, tea, and cocoa. Their use to support gum (periodontal) health is supported by a growing body of scientific research. Polyphenols exhibit significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which are relevant to gum health. Periodontal diseases, such as gingivitis and periodontitis, are primarily driven by inflammation and bacterial infection in the gums. Polyphenols, particularly those found in green tea (catechins), cranberries (proanthocyanidins), and certain other plant extracts, have been shown in clinical and laboratory studies to inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens, reduce inflammation, and help limit oxidative stress in gum tissues.

Clinical trials have demonstrated that mouthwashes or dental products containing polyphenol-rich extracts can reduce gum bleeding, plaque formation, and markers of gum inflammation. For example, a number of studies have reported that green tea polyphenols can improve periodontal outcomes when used as an adjunct to standard dental care. While more large-scale, long-term studies are warranted, the current evidence base provides a solid scientific rationale for the use of polyphenols in supporting gum health.