Evidence supporting the use of: Polyphenols (unspecified)
For the body system: Gums

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Polyphenols, a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, have been investigated for their effects on oral health, particularly in supporting gum (periodontal) health. Scientific studies suggest that polyphenols possess anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, which can be beneficial in reducing the risk of gingivitis and periodontitis. Research has shown that polyphenol-rich extracts from sources such as green tea, cranberries, pomegranates, and cocoa can inhibit the growth of periodontal pathogens (such as Porphyromonas gingivalis) and reduce inflammation in gum tissues. Several clinical trials and in vitro studies have reported reduced plaque formation, decreased bleeding on probing, and improvements in other markers of gum health when polyphenol-containing rinses or supplements are used adjunctively with standard oral hygiene practices.

However, while the evidence base is promising, it is not yet robust enough for unequivocal clinical recommendations. Most studies to date are small, short-term, or use varying dosages and sources of polyphenols, making it difficult to generalize findings. Nonetheless, the mechanisms of action are plausible and supported by laboratory data, and there is a growing consensus that polyphenols may offer supportive benefits for gum health when used as part of a broader oral hygiene regimen. Further large-scale, long-term clinical studies are needed to confirm these effects and determine optimal formulations and dosages.

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