Emu oil has been used traditionally in Australian Aboriginal medicine for centuries, primarily for its reputed anti-inflammatory and moisturizing properties. Its application for hair health is largely based on anecdotal reports and cultural practices rather than robust scientific research. Emu oil is believed to penetrate the skin deeply due to its high content of unsaturated fatty acids, potentially nourishing hair follicles and the scalp. Some proponents claim it can promote hair growth or reduce hair loss, but these beliefs are rooted in tradition and testimonies rather than validated clinical trials.

Scientific investigations regarding emu oil's effects on hair growth are limited and mostly preliminary. A few animal studies, such as those on mice, have observed a slight increase in hair follicle activity or regrowth when emu oil was topically applied, but these findings have not been substantiated in humans through large, controlled studies. There is no consensus in the scientific community about its efficacy for hair growth or scalp health. Thus, while emu oil continues to be marketed for hair and scalp support, the evidence remains largely traditional and anecdotal, with minimal scientific backing.