Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Thyroid substance, also known as desiccated thyroid extract, is primarily derived from the thyroid glands of pigs (porcine thyroid) and has been used to treat hypothyroidism, including that caused by Hashimoto’s disease, since the late 19th century. Its use is rooted in the fact that it contains both thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), the hormones that are deficient in hypothyroidism. Historically, before synthetic levothyroxine became widely available, desiccated thyroid was the standard treatment for hypothyroidism and thus has a long tradition of use.

Modern scientific validation exists, though it is mixed. Some clinical studies have shown that desiccated thyroid can be effective in alleviating symptoms of hypothyroidism, and a subset of patients report feeling better on it compared to synthetic T4 alone. However, randomized controlled trials generally show that synthetic levothyroxine is equally effective for the majority of patients, with more predictable dosing and fewer risks. Guidelines from major endocrine societies recommend levothyroxine as first-line therapy, reserving desiccated thyroid for certain patients who do not feel well on synthetic T4 alone. Overall, the scientific evidence supports its use in specific cases, but it is not considered superior or universally appropriate for all patients with Hashimoto’s disease.

In summary, thyroid substance has a long history of use and some scientific support, but it is not the preferred treatment according to current evidence-based guidelines.

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