Evidence supporting the use of: Rutin
For the health condition: Hemorrhoids

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Rutin is a flavonoid found in various plants such as buckwheat, apples, and citrus fruits, and has a long history of use for vascular health. Its use in supporting or treating hemorrhoids is primarily justified by scientific research, although the strength of evidence is moderate rather than robust. Rutin is believed to strengthen capillaries, reduce capillary permeability, and exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which are relevant to the pathophysiology of hemorrhoids—enlarged, inflamed veins in the rectal area.

Several clinical trials and observational studies have investigated the benefits of flavonoids, including rutin, for hemorrhoids. Most notably, micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF), which contains diosmin and hesperidin (related compounds), has demonstrated efficacy in reducing hemorrhoidal symptoms such as bleeding, pain, and itching. Some studies specifically using rutin, often in combination with vitamin C, suggest improvements in capillary fragility and reduction in symptoms of chronic venous insufficiency, which is mechanistically related to hemorrhoidal disease.

However, the direct evidence for rutin alone in the treatment of hemorrhoids is limited, and many studies use it as part of a complex or combination product. The European Medicines Agency recognizes the traditional use of rutin-containing preparations for minor venous circulatory disturbances, which can include hemorrhoids. Overall, while there is some scientific basis for rutin's use in this context, further high-quality, targeted clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy.

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