Bacteria, specifically in the form of probiotics, have been investigated for their potential role in supporting liver health, including in patients with hepatitis. Scientific interest centers on the gut-liver axis, a pathway through which gut microbiota can influence liver function and inflammation. Some studies have shown that probiotic supplementation may help reduce liver inflammation, improve liver enzyme levels, and modulate immune responses in patients with chronic viral hepatitis (such as hepatitis B and C) or hepatitis-related liver disease.

However, the evidence base is still limited. Several small clinical trials and animal studies suggest potential benefits, but results are inconsistent and there is significant heterogeneity in terms of probiotic strains used, doses, and study populations. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses generally conclude that while probiotics appear safe and might confer modest benefits, the evidence is not strong enough to recommend their routine use as a treatment for hepatitis. More rigorous, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to establish definitive efficacy.

In summary, there is some scientific basis—though not high-level or definitive evidence—for the use of certain bacteria (probiotics) as an adjunct in managing hepatitis. These interventions are not considered substitutes for antiviral or standard medical therapies. Patients should consult healthcare professionals before initiating probiotic supplementation for hepatitis.