Glutathione is a tripeptide antioxidant found in high concentrations in the liver, where it plays a crucial role in detoxification and protection against oxidative stress. In the context of hepatitis—both viral and non-viral—oxidative stress and depletion of glutathione are well-documented features, particularly in chronic liver diseases. There is scientific rationale for glutathione supplementation: several small clinical studies and preclinical experiments have demonstrated that glutathione levels are reduced in patients with hepatitis, and that restoring glutathione can improve markers of liver function and decrease oxidative damage. For example, intravenous glutathione has been shown in some trials to improve liver enzyme profiles and reduce symptoms in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C. However, the number and size of these studies are limited, and most are open-label or lack rigorous controls.

While the biological plausibility is strong, and initial clinical data are promising, there is insufficient high-quality evidence (i.e., large randomized controlled trials) to firmly establish glutathione as a standard treatment for hepatitis. Thus, its use is generally considered adjunctive and experimental, rather than a primary therapy. Current guidelines do not universally recommend glutathione for hepatitis, but ongoing research continues to investigate its potential role.