Evidence supporting the use of: Glycyrrhizic acid
For the health condition: Hepatitis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Glycyrrhizic acid, a major active component of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has a history of use in East Asia, particularly Japan, for the treatment of chronic hepatitis. Its use is supported by both traditional practice and scientific research, with the strongest evidence coming from clinical studies conducted in Japan since the 1970s. The most notable pharmaceutical preparation is Stronger Neo-Minophagen C (SNMC), an intravenous solution containing glycyrrhizin, which has been used for hepatitis B and C patients. Several studies and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that glycyrrhizic acid can reduce alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels—a marker of liver inflammation—and may slow the progression of liver fibrosis when administered over long periods. Proposed mechanisms include anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antiviral effects, such as inhibition of viral replication and suppression of oxidative stress in hepatocytes.

However, while short- and long-term studies indicate benefits in biochemical markers and suggest potential in slowing disease progression, there is limited evidence for effects on hard clinical outcomes such as overall survival or prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma. The evidence is also limited outside of Japan, and most studies are not double-blinded or placebo-controlled. Glycyrrhizic acid is not a first-line therapy and is generally considered as an adjunct. Adverse effects, especially related to mineralocorticoid excess (such as hypertension and hypokalemia), also limit its use.

In summary, the use of glycyrrhizic acid for hepatitis is supported by moderate scientific evidence, particularly for improving surrogate markers of liver inflammation, though more robust international studies are needed.

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