Evidence supporting the use of: Glycyrrhizin
For the health condition: Hepatitis

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Glycyrrhizin, a major active component of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has been used in Japan for decades as an injectable preparation (Stronger Neo-Minophagen C, SNMC) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis, particularly hepatitis C. The scientific justification for its use is based on several clinical and laboratory studies. Glycyrrhizin has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antiviral properties in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, it appears to inhibit the replication of hepatitis viruses and reduce liver inflammation by modulating immune responses and suppressing oxidative stress. Several clinical trials and observational studies, primarily from Japan, have suggested that long-term glycyrrhizin therapy can improve biochemical markers (such as ALT levels) and histological findings in patients with chronic hepatitis. Some studies have reported reduced progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma among chronic hepatitis C patients treated with glycyrrhizin. However, the evidence is not robust by modern Western standards: most studies are open-label, lack large randomized controlled designs, and are limited geographically. Meta-analyses conclude that while glycyrrhizin may have a beneficial effect on liver function tests and inflammation, its impact on long-term clinical outcomes is less certain. Glycyrrhizin is not widely used or approved in Western countries for hepatitis, but its use in East Asia is supported by regulatory approval and clinical practice. Safety concerns, particularly with prolonged use (e.g., risk of pseudoaldosteronism, hypertension, hypokalemia), limit its broader adoption.

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