Evidence supporting the use of: Isoflavones
For the health condition: Hot Flashes

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Isoflavones, particularly those derived from soy, are phytoestrogens—plant-based compounds with estrogen-like activity. Their use for alleviating hot flashes, especially in menopausal women, is primarily supported by scientific interest rather than long-standing traditional use. The rationale stems from the decline in endogenous estrogen during menopause, which is associated with vasomotor symptoms such as hot flashes. Isoflavones can bind to estrogen receptors and may exert weak estrogenic effects that help modulate these symptoms. Multiple randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have investigated the efficacy of isoflavones in reducing the frequency and severity of hot flashes. Systematic reviews (e.g., by the Cochrane Collaboration and others) suggest that isoflavones may provide a modest reduction in hot flash frequency compared to placebo, although results are inconsistent and the clinical significance is debated. The benefit appears to be more pronounced in women who experience more frequent and severe symptoms and among those whose gut microbiota can convert daidzein (an isoflavone) to equol, a more potent estrogenic metabolite. Overall, the evidence base is mixed, with some studies showing benefit and others not. Isoflavone supplementation is generally considered safe, though long-term effects are not fully understood. Thus, the scientific community recognizes a moderate but not definitive evidence basis for the use of isoflavones in treating hot flashes.

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