Evidence supporting the use of: Ox bile
For the health condition: Indigestion

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Ox bile is used as a supplement to aid digestion, particularly in individuals with impaired bile production or secretion, such as those who have had their gallbladder removed (cholecystectomy) or suffer from conditions like biliary insufficiency. Bile acids, including those found in ox bile, are crucial for the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats and fat-soluble vitamins in the small intestine. Some clinical evidence, though limited and generally of low quality, suggests that bile acid supplementation can help relieve symptoms of indigestion, steatorrhea (fatty stools), and bloating in people with bile deficiency. For example, studies have shown that bile acid replacement (using bile salts) can improve fat digestion and absorption in patients with bile salt deficiency. However, research specifically using ox bile in the general population for nonspecific indigestion is lacking, and most studies focus on patients with clear medical indications like biliary insufficiency or post-cholecystectomy syndrome. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and some clinical use in specific conditions, the overall evidence for ox bile as a general treatment for indigestion is weak, and more robust, controlled studies are needed. Use of ox bile in healthy individuals or for nonspecific digestive complaints is not well-supported and may carry risks, especially if underlying liver or bile duct issues are present.

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