Evidence supporting the use of: Papain
For the health condition: Indigestion

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Papain is a proteolytic enzyme derived from the papaya fruit (Carica papaya). Its use in treating indigestion is primarily rooted in traditional medicine, especially in tropical regions where papaya is native. Historically, papaya latex and extracts have been consumed to aid digestion, based on the belief that the enzyme content helps break down proteins in the stomach, thus alleviating symptoms of dyspepsia, bloating, and discomfort after meals. From a scientific standpoint, there is some preliminary evidence suggesting that papain may assist in protein digestion outside the body (in vitro studies), and small clinical trials have shown potential benefits for nonspecific dyspepsia when using papain-containing supplements. For example, a few studies have indicated that papain, alone or combined with other enzymes, might reduce symptoms like bloating or fullness in some individuals. However, these studies are generally low in quality, small in scale, and often lack rigorous controls. No large, high-quality randomized controlled trials have firmly established papain's efficacy for indigestion, and most medical guidelines do not recommend it as a first-line treatment. Therefore, while its use is justified by traditional practices and some limited supportive evidence, the overall quality and quantity of scientific validation are modest at best. Individuals considering papain for indigestion should consult healthcare professionals, especially since enzyme supplements may carry risks for some people (e.g., those with allergies or gastrointestinal disorders).

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