Evidence supporting the use of: Tannins (mixed)
For the health condition: Infection (viral)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Tannins, a diverse group of polyphenolic compounds found abundantly in many plants, have a long history of traditional use in various systems of medicine, including Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine, and indigenous folk practices for treating a range of ailments, including infections. Their astringent properties have led to applications in wound healing, diarrhea, and sometimes in the management of viral infections. The proposed mechanism for their antiviral effect is primarily attributed to their ability to precipitate proteins and inhibit the adhesion or replication of certain viruses. While laboratory (in vitro) studies have shown that some tannin-rich plant extracts can inhibit viruses such as influenza, herpes simplex, and hepatitis, clinical evidence in humans is very limited. Most of the supportive data derives from cell culture or animal models, not from robust human trials. Thus, while their use for viral infections is justified by tradition and has some biologically plausible mechanisms as shown in preclinical studies, there is insufficient high-quality clinical evidence to fully validate these uses. Therefore, the tradition-based use of mixed tannins for viral infections is rated as moderate (2/5) in terms of supporting evidence.

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