Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin A (retinol)
For the health condition: Infection (viral)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin A (retinol) has scientific backing for its use in certain viral infections, most notably measles. Numerous clinical studies, particularly in children in developing countries, have demonstrated that vitamin A supplementation can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with measles infection. The World Health Organization and UNICEF both recommend high-dose vitamin A supplementation for children with acute measles, especially in populations where vitamin A deficiency is prevalent, as it has been shown to decrease the risk of severe complications such as pneumonia and blindness. The mechanism is thought to relate to vitamin A’s crucial role in maintaining mucosal integrity and supporting immune function, including lymphocyte proliferation and antibody production.

However, the evidence supporting vitamin A supplementation for the prevention or treatment of other viral infections is less robust. While vitamin A deficiency is associated with increased susceptibility to infections, and adequate vitamin A status is important for immune competence, systematic reviews and trials do not consistently show benefit for vitamin A supplementation in viral infections beyond measles, especially in well-nourished populations. There is little evidence to support its use in common viral illnesses such as influenza, RSV, or viral hepatitis.

In summary, the use of vitamin A for viral infections is scientifically validated primarily in the context of measles and in populations with vitamin A deficiency. Its general use for treating or preventing other viral infections is not supported by strong clinical evidence.

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Products containing Vitamin A (retinol)

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