Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Agnuside is an iridoid glycoside found primarily in the fruits of Vitex agnus-castus (chaste tree). The use of chaste tree fruit, and thus agnuside-containing preparations, in supporting or treating infertility is rooted mainly in traditional and historical herbal medicine, especially in European phytotherapy. Historically, Vitex agnus-castus has been used to address a range of gynecological issues, including menstrual irregularities, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and infertility believed to result from hormonal imbalances, especially in women with luteal phase defects or hyperprolactinemia. The traditional rationale is that compounds in the plant, including agnuside, may act via dopaminergic pathways to reduce prolactin secretion, theoretically restoring normal ovulatory cycles and improving fertility. However, while there is some clinical evidence supporting the use of chaste tree extracts for PMS and mild hyperprolactinemia, direct scientific studies on agnuside itself or on Vitex agnus-castus for infertility are limited and of variable quality. Some small trials and observational studies have reported improved menstrual regularity and pregnancy rates, but methodological limitations and small sample sizes prevent definitive conclusions. In summary, while the use of agnuside-containing preparations for infertility is well established in traditional herbal medicine, robust scientific validation is lacking, and most current evidence is indirect, relating to hormonal modulation rather than direct effects on fertility outcomes.

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