Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin B
For the health condition: Infertility

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin B, particularly B9 (folic acid) and B12, has scientific support for its role in fertility, though evidence is moderate rather than definitive. B vitamins are crucial for DNA synthesis and cellular division, processes essential to both male and female reproductive health. In women, adequate folate status before and during conception reduces the risk of neural tube defects in offspring and may support ovulation and overall reproductive health. Some studies suggest that women undergoing fertility treatments who have optimal folate or B12 levels may have improved pregnancy outcomes.

In men, B vitamins, especially B12, are associated with improved sperm count, motility, and DNA integrity. A deficiency in B12 has been linked to reduced semen quality and impaired spermatogenesis. Supplementation may benefit men with subfertility attributable to B12 deficiency, though its effect in otherwise healthy men is less clear.

While much of the evidence comes from observational studies and some small randomized trials, the consensus is that deficiencies in B vitamins can negatively impact fertility, and correcting deficiencies is beneficial. However, routine supplementation in the absence of a diagnosed deficiency is less well supported. The use of B vitamins for infertility is therefore justified by scientific evidence, particularly in the context of deficiency or increased need, but more large-scale clinical trials are needed to establish causality and clarify benefit in the general population.

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