Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Folic acid (Vitamin B9) is widely recommended for women of reproductive age and those seeking to conceive, primarily due to its well-established role in the prevention of neural tube defects in early pregnancy. Beyond this, several studies have explored its potential in supporting fertility. Scientific evidence suggests that adequate folate status may improve fertility outcomes, particularly in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies (ART) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). Observational studies have linked higher folate intake with increased implantation, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates. Folate is essential for DNA synthesis, repair, and methylation, processes critical for oocyte quality, embryo development, and overall reproductive function.

In men, some research has indicated that folic acid supplementation, often in combination with zinc, may improve sperm quality parameters, though findings are inconsistent and overall effects appear modest. Randomized controlled trials directly assessing folic acid supplementation for infertility treatment yield mixed results, and definitive guidelines for its use beyond standard prenatal supplementation are lacking. However, due to its safety profile, low cost, and potential benefit, folic acid is commonly included in preconception care for both women and men. In summary, while folic acid’s use in infertility has some scientific backing, especially for optimizing reproductive health and outcomes in ART, the evidence is moderate rather than definitive.

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