Selenium is an essential trace mineral with a critical role in antioxidant defense and immune function, both of which are closely related to inflammation. Scientific studies have shown that selenium is a cofactor for glutathione peroxidases, enzymes that help reduce oxidative stress and modulate inflammatory processes. Several observational studies indicate that low selenium levels are associated with increased markers of inflammation, particularly in chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune thyroid disorders.

Some interventional trials have explored selenium supplementation in inflammatory conditions. For example, selenium supplementation has been shown to reduce inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in certain populations. However, results are inconsistent, and benefits tend to be most pronounced in individuals with selenium deficiency or low baseline selenium status. In otherwise healthy or selenium-replete individuals, supplementation has not consistently demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory effects.

Overall, while there is scientific rationale and some clinical evidence supporting selenium’s role in modulating inflammation, especially in deficiency states, the evidence is moderate rather than strong. More large-scale, well-controlled clinical trials are needed to clarify the precise benefits and optimal dosing for inflammatory conditions.