Cruciferous vegetables (such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and Brussels sprouts) have been investigated for their potential benefits in Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. The scientific interest is primarily due to the high content of dietary fiber, glucosinolates, and antioxidant compounds found in cruciferous vegetables. Preclinical studies, including animal models, have shown that certain compounds in cruciferous vegetables can modulate gut inflammation, improve intestinal barrier function, and alter the gut microbiota in ways that may be beneficial for IBD. For example, sulforaphane, a compound derived from glucoraphanin in cruciferous plants, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in cell and animal studies of colitis.

However, clinical evidence in humans is limited and somewhat inconsistent. Some small studies suggest that increased consumption of cruciferous vegetables may be associated with improved symptoms or reduced markers of inflammation in people with IBD, but high-fiber foods can also exacerbate symptoms in some patients, particularly during active disease flares. Current dietary guidelines for IBD do not specifically recommend cruciferous vegetables as a treatment, but they may be included as part of a balanced diet during remission. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and some supportive preclinical evidence, robust clinical validation is lacking at this time.