Evidence supporting the use of: Citrus spp.
For the health condition: Influenza

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Citrus spp., which includes fruits like oranges, lemons, and grapefruits, have been traditionally used in various cultures to help manage symptoms of influenza and other respiratory infections. The primary rationale for their use is the high vitamin C content, which is believed to boost the immune system and help the body fight off infections. Historically, citrus juices and teas have been consumed during colds and flu for their refreshing quality, hydration, and perceived immune support. However, robust scientific validation for the efficacy of citrus fruits specifically in treating or preventing influenza is limited. Some studies have examined vitamin C supplementation in the context of respiratory infections, with mixed results—while routine supplementation does not consistently reduce the incidence of influenza or common cold in the general population, there may be modest benefits in reducing the duration or severity of symptoms. However, these results cannot be directly extrapolated to whole citrus fruit consumption. There is no evidence that citrus spp. possess direct antiviral activity against the influenza virus. Thus, the use of citrus for influenza is primarily based on tradition and general immune support, rather than direct scientific validation of efficacy against this specific condition.

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