Evidence supporting the use of: Elderberry (unspecified)
For the health condition: Influenza

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) has been traditionally used for centuries in Europe and North America to treat respiratory illnesses, including influenza. In recent years, scientific studies have investigated its efficacy. Laboratory research has shown that elderberry extracts possess antiviral properties against influenza viruses, likely due to their high content of flavonoids and anthocyanins, which may inhibit viral entry and replication. Several small randomized controlled trials have reported that elderberry supplementation can reduce the duration and severity of influenza symptoms compared to placebo. For example, a 2004 study in Norway found that participants with influenza taking elderberry syrup recovered on average four days earlier than those taking placebo. However, most clinical studies to date have been small, of short duration, and sometimes funded by manufacturers of elderberry products. Meta-analyses suggest a potential benefit, but emphasize the need for larger, well-designed trials to confirm these findings. Thus, while elderberry shows promise and has some scientific support for use in treating influenza, the overall quality and quantity of evidence is moderate and not yet definitive.

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