Mesenchyme refers to a type of embryonic connective tissue composed mainly of loosely organized, undifferentiated cells capable of developing into various cell types, including bone, cartilage, and muscle. In the context of injury support or treatment, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been an area of significant scientific research. These stem cells, which are derived from mesenchymal tissue, possess the ability to differentiate into multiple cell types that are essential for tissue repair and regeneration.

Several preclinical and clinical studies have investigated the therapeutic potential of MSCs in treating musculoskeletal injuries, such as bone fractures, cartilage damage, tendon injuries, and even myocardial infarction. The mechanisms proposed include their ability to home to sites of injury, secrete bioactive molecules that modulate immune responses, stimulate endogenous repair processes, and differentiate into needed cell types for tissue regeneration.

While there is promising evidence from animal models and early-phase human trials, large-scale, well-controlled clinical trials are still lacking or ongoing. There are also unresolved issues regarding the optimal source, dosing, and delivery methods for MSCs. Thus, although the scientific rationale for using mesenchyme-derived cells to support injury healing is sound and supported by moderate-quality evidence, it has not yet reached the level of unequivocal clinical validation.