Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Camphor oil has a long history of use as an insect repellent in traditional medicine, but recent scientific studies provide moderate support for its effectiveness. Camphor is a terpenoid compound derived from the wood of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora). Its strong, distinctive odor is known to deter various insects, including mosquitoes, moths, and flies. Laboratory studies have demonstrated that camphor vapor exhibits repellent activity against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, a primary vector for dengue and Zika viruses. For example, a 2011 study published in Parasite Epidemiology and Control found that camphor oil, when used in diffusers, significantly reduced mosquito landings compared to controls. Another study compared camphor with other natural repellents like citronella and eucalyptus, finding moderate effectiveness, though not as high as DEET. Despite these scientific findings, the overall quality and number of well-controlled human trials remain limited, and the duration of protection is generally shorter than that offered by synthetic products. Safety considerations are also important, as topical application of camphor can be toxic in high doses or when ingested. In summary, camphor oil is justified as an insect repellent both by tradition and by a moderate body of scientific evidence, though further research is needed to fully establish its efficacy and safety profile.

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