Evidence supporting the use of: Pepper Bark Tree
For the health condition: Insect Repellant
Synopsis
Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2
The use of the Pepper Bark Tree (Warburgia salutaris) as an insect repellent is primarily justified by traditional practices. Indigenous peoples in Southern and Eastern Africa have historically used the leaves and bark of this tree for a variety of medicinal purposes, including as a means to deter insects. Methods include burning the bark or leaves to create a protective smoke, or applying extracts to the skin. Such practices have been documented in ethnobotanical surveys of African traditional medicine. However, while there is some anecdotal and traditional support for its use as an insect repellent, scientific studies specifically evaluating the efficacy of Warburgia salutaris against insects are limited. A few studies have identified antimicrobial and antifungal compounds in the bark and leaves, but research directly targeting insect-repellent activity is sparse. Therefore, the rating reflects that the evidence is primarily traditional, with a moderate level of documentation from ethnobotanical sources but lacking robust scientific validation or controlled studies on its repellent efficacy.
Other ingredients used for Insect Repellant
AlchorneaAllspice
Allyl isothiocyanate
alpha-terpineol
Asam gelugor
babchi
Baccharoides anthelmintica
Backhousia citriodora
Baphicacanthus cusia
beta-pinene
betel
bisabolene
Black spruce
black walnut
Brazilian peppertree
cajuput
Calotropis gigantea
camphor oil
candleberry
castile soap
cedar
Cedrus libani
Chiococca alba
citronella
Clerodendrum indicum
Davilla rugosa
devil\'s club
English horsemint
eucalyptus
farnesene
fir
fleabane
gamma-terpinene
garlic bulb
geranial
geranium
henna
impatiens
lavender
lemongrass
melaleuca alternifolia
Mountain horopito
Osha
p-menthane-3,8-diol
paederia foetida
Pellitory
Pepper Bark Tree
Peppermint
Polygodial
Rhododendron
Rhus glabra
Sandy Everlasting
Sapindus mukorossi
Sensitive Plant
Soapberry
Southernwood
Tansy
Tea Tree Oil
Terpinolene
Thymol
Witch Hazel
Other health conditions supported by Pepper Bark Tree
Abdominal PainAcid Indigestion
Appetite (deficient)
Athlete's Foot
Boils
Bruises (healing)
Burns and Scalds
Cuts
Diarrhea
Digestion (poor)
Dyspepsia
Fever
Gastritis
Gingivitis
Infection
Infection (bacterial)
Inflammation
Insect Repellant
Itching
Itching Ears
Jaundice (adults)
Jaundice (infants)
Nausea and Vomiting
Pain (general remedies for)
Rashes and Hives
Scratches and Abrasions
Skin (infections)
Sore Throat
Staph Infections
Stress
Ulcers
Urinary Tract Infections
Wounds and Sores
