Evidence supporting the use of: Pepper Bark Tree
For the health condition: Insect Repellant
Synopsis
Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2
The use of the Pepper Bark Tree (Warburgia salutaris) as an insect repellent is primarily justified by traditional practices. Indigenous peoples in Southern and Eastern Africa have historically used the leaves and bark of this tree for a variety of medicinal purposes, including as a means to deter insects. Methods include burning the bark or leaves to create a protective smoke, or applying extracts to the skin. Such practices have been documented in ethnobotanical surveys of African traditional medicine. However, while there is some anecdotal and traditional support for its use as an insect repellent, scientific studies specifically evaluating the efficacy of Warburgia salutaris against insects are limited. A few studies have identified antimicrobial and antifungal compounds in the bark and leaves, but research directly targeting insect-repellent activity is sparse. Therefore, the rating reflects that the evidence is primarily traditional, with a moderate level of documentation from ethnobotanical sources but lacking robust scientific validation or controlled studies on its repellent efficacy.
Other ingredients used for Insect Repellant
allspicebeta-pinene
betel
black walnut
garlic bulb
lavender
peppermint oil
clerodendrum indicum
paederia foetida
lemongrass
eucalyptus
camphor oil
melaleuca alternifolia
geranium
Alpha-terpineol
Alchornea
Asam gelugor
allyl isothiocyanate
Babchi
Baphicacanthus cusia
Black spruce
Brazillian peppertree
Bisabolene
Baccharoides anthelmintica
Backhousia citriodora
Candleberry
Calotropis gigantea
Cajuput
Cedar
Cedrus libani
Castile Soap
Chiococca alba
Citronella
Devil's Club
Davilla rugosa
English Horsemint
Other health conditions supported by Pepper Bark Tree
Abdominal PainAcid Indigestion
Appetite (deficient)
Athlete's Foot
Boils
Bruises (healing)
Burns and Scalds
Cuts
Diarrhea
Digestion (poor)
Dyspepsia
Fever
Gastritis
Gingivitis
Infection
Infection (bacterial)
Inflammation
Insect Repellant
Itching
Itching Ears
Jaundice (adults)
Jaundice (infants)
Nausea and Vomiting
Pain (general remedies for)
Rashes and Hives
Scratches and Abrasions
Skin (infections)
Sore Throat
Staph Infections
Stress
Ulcers
Urinary Tract Infections
Wounds and Sores