Kava kava (Piper methysticum) has a long history of traditional use in the South Pacific as a ceremonial beverage to promote relaxation and calmness. In the context of insomnia, its use is supported by both tradition and a moderate body of scientific research. Several clinical studies and meta-analyses have explored kava’s potential for improving sleep quality, particularly in individuals with stress-related insomnia or anxiety disorders. The active compounds in kava, known as kavalactones, are thought to modulate GABAergic activity in the brain, which can promote sedation and reduce anxiety—both key factors in the management of insomnia.

Systematic reviews, such as a 2015 Cochrane review, have concluded that kava may have a small but significant effect on reducing anxiety, which can in turn improve sleep quality. However, direct evidence supporting kava as a primary treatment for insomnia is less robust than for anxiety, with only a limited number of small-scale clinical trials showing modest improvements in sleep onset and duration. Concerns about potential hepatotoxicity have also led to regulatory restrictions in some countries, and long-term safety data are lacking.

In summary, while kava kava’s use for insomnia is partially supported by scientific evidence—primarily through its anxiolytic effects—the evidence is moderate and not as strong as for other sleep aids. Its use should be approached with caution and under medical supervision.