Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a naturally occurring fatty acid amide that has gained attention for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Its use in supporting or treating Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is primarily based on emerging scientific evidence rather than long-standing traditional use. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that PEA can modulate mast cell activity, reduce intestinal inflammation, and influence the endocannabinoid system, all of which are relevant to IBS pathophysiology. A few small-scale clinical studies and pilot trials have suggested that PEA supplementation may reduce abdominal pain and improve quality of life in IBS patients, likely through its effects on neuroinflammation and visceral hypersensitivity.

However, the total body of evidence remains limited. Most clinical data are derived from small, short-duration studies with methodological limitations, and there is a lack of large, multi-center randomized controlled trials specifically evaluating PEA in IBS. Systematic reviews acknowledge the potential but emphasize the need for more robust research.

In summary, while PEA shows promise in preliminary studies for managing symptoms of IBS, the scientific validation is still in early stages, and its use should be considered experimental until more conclusive data are available.