Evidence supporting the use of: Japanese camphor
For the health condition: Itching (rectal)

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Japanese camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) has a long history of topical use in traditional medicine for various skin irritations, including itching. Its utility for rectal itching (pruritus ani) is primarily supported by its inclusion in ointments and creams as a counterirritant, which produces a cooling sensation that may relieve itching. In Japanese and Chinese traditional medicine, camphor has been used in balms and liniments for its antipruritic and soothing effects on the skin. Over-the-counter rectal preparations in some countries have historically contained camphor as a minor ingredient, often in combination with other soothing or anesthetic agents.

However, high-quality scientific studies specifically validating camphor's efficacy for rectal itching are lacking. The evidence base consists largely of traditional use and anecdotal reports. Modern clinical guidelines for pruritus ani do not typically mention camphor as a recommended treatment, and safety concerns exist regarding potential irritation, sensitization, or toxicity, especially with excessive or internal use. While camphor's counterirritant properties may temporarily mask itching, its use is best understood as traditional rather than scientifically established. Overall, the evidence is limited and rates low on the strength scale, mostly reflecting historical use and the pharmacological plausibility of symptom relief via skin cooling and mild numbing.

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