Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Swertia, particularly the species Swertia chirayita, has a longstanding history of use in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, and traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of liver disorders, including jaundice. Traditional healers have used Swertia preparations as a "bitter tonic" believed to stimulate liver function, aid in detoxification, and reduce symptoms associated with jaundice, such as yellowing of the skin and eyes. The plant is often prepared as an infusion or decoction and administered orally to adults exhibiting signs of jaundice.

The rationale for its use in traditional medicine is largely based on its bitter principles—such as swertiamarin, amarogentin, and mangiferin—which are thought to have hepatoprotective and choleretic effects. While some preclinical (animal or in vitro) studies have indicated that Swertia extracts may help protect the liver from certain toxins and support liver enzyme function, the clinical evidence in humans remains very limited. No robust, well-controlled clinical trials have validated its efficacy for jaundice in adults. As such, while its use is strongly rooted in tradition, the scientific substantiation is weak, with an evidence rating of 2 reflecting mostly anecdotal and preliminary laboratory findings rather than rigorous human data.

In summary, Swertia's use for jaundice is primarily justified by traditional practices, with only modest preliminary scientific support and a lack of high-quality clinical studies to confirm effectiveness or safety for this indication.

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