Green lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus), native to New Zealand, is used as a supplement to support joint health. Its use is based on the presence of bioactive compounds—such as omega-3 fatty acids (notably EPA and DHA), glycosaminoglycans, and unique marine lipids—that have anti-inflammatory properties. Several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have evaluated green lipped mussel extract in the management of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Scientific studies have shown that supplementation may lead to modest reductions in joint pain and stiffness, and improvements in function, particularly in mild to moderate osteoarthritis. A 2018 meta-analysis (Coulson et al., BMC Complement Altern Med) concluded that green lipped mussel extracts can provide moderate symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis, though the effect size is smaller than that observed with conventional NSAIDs. The anti-inflammatory effect is thought to be due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, reducing the production of inflammatory mediators.

However, while there is scientific support for its use, the quality and size of the studies vary, and not all trials have reported significant benefits. Safety profiles are generally favorable, with mild gastrointestinal side effects being most common. Thus, green lipped mussel is scientifically validated as a joint support supplement, but the evidence is moderate rather than strong, and it should not replace standard medical treatments for arthritis.