Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) has been traditionally used in parts of India and South Asia for the management of kidney stones. Ayurvedic and folk medicine systems recommend horse gram as part of dietary interventions, often suggesting it as a decoction or soup to help "dissolve" or "expel" stones from the urinary tract. The rationale, according to traditional sources, is that horse gram possesses diuretic properties that may increase urine output and potentially aid in flushing out small calculi.

Scientific validation for this use is limited but not entirely absent. Some in vitro and animal studies suggest that extracts of horse gram may inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate crystals—the primary component of most kidney stones—and possess mild diuretic effects. However, these findings are preliminary and have not been robustly replicated in large-scale human clinical trials. Most published evidence comes from ethnobotanical surveys and small animal experiments, with few high-quality randomized controlled trials in humans.

In summary, the use of horse gram for kidney stones is rooted primarily in traditional practices, with some supportive but limited scientific evidence from preclinical studies. Until more rigorous clinical data are available, its use should be considered as complementary and not as a primary or sole therapy for kidney stones.