Pumpkin seed oil has a long history of traditional use in various cultures for promoting urinary tract and kidney health, but there is limited direct scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness specifically for treating or preventing kidney stones. In traditional medicine systems, especially in parts of Eastern Europe and Asia, pumpkin seeds and their oil have been consumed to support bladder and prostate health, and sometimes for broader urinary tract function. Some animal studies have suggested that pumpkin seed extracts may have mild diuretic or anti-inflammatory effects, which could theoretically be beneficial in reducing the risk of stone formation, but these effects have not been robustly demonstrated in human clinical trials for kidney stones. No large-scale or high-quality randomized controlled trials have established a clear benefit for pumpkin seed oil in the prevention or treatment of kidney stones. Therefore, while its use is rooted in tradition, the scientific evidence remains limited, and its use should not replace established medical therapies for kidney stones.