Evidence supporting the use of: Carbohydrate (unspecified)
For the health condition: Labor and Delivery

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Carbohydrate administration during labor, typically in the form of oral carbohydrate drinks, is supported by moderate scientific evidence. Traditionally, women in labor were often kept "nil by mouth" (nothing by mouth) due to concerns about aspiration during general anesthesia. However, more recent clinical research has investigated the benefits and risks of allowing women to consume clear fluids or carbohydrate-rich drinks during labor, especially for those at low risk of needing general anesthesia.

Several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews, including a Cochrane review (O'Sullivan et al., 2013), have examined the effects of oral carbohydrate intake during labor. The evidence suggests that carbohydrates can help maintain maternal energy levels, reduce ketosis, and possibly shorten the duration of labor, particularly in the first stage. There is no significant increase in adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes when carbohydrates are administered to low-risk women. However, for women with high risk of cesarean section under general anesthesia, the traditional practice of fasting may still be recommended.

Overall, the modern scientific consensus supports the use of carbohydrate drinks in labor for most women, primarily for energy maintenance and comfort, though the effect size is moderate and the evidence is not unequivocal. The practice is grounded in clinical studies rather than tradition, and protocols may vary by institution.

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