Evidence supporting the use of: Marine lipid (unspecified)
For the health condition: Macular Degeneration

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Marine lipids—particularly omega-3 fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)—have been investigated for their potential role in supporting eye health, including in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Epidemiological studies have observed that higher dietary intake of fish and omega-3 fatty acids is associated with a reduced risk of developing AMD. The rationale is that DHA is a major structural component of retinal photoreceptor cells, and omega-3s may help modulate inflammation and oxidative stress—factors implicated in AMD pathogenesis.

The most prominent clinical evidence comes from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2), a large randomized controlled trial. AREDS2 added omega-3 supplementation to a standard antioxidant and zinc formula for AMD but found no statistically significant additional benefit in slowing progression to advanced AMD compared to the standard formula. However, secondary analyses and other observational studies suggest some potential benefit, especially in populations with low baseline omega-3 intake.

Overall, while there is a scientific rationale and some supportive epidemiological data, robust clinical trial evidence for a therapeutic benefit is limited or mixed. Therefore, the evidence rating is moderate (3/5), reflecting some scientific validation but not conclusive proof of efficacy.

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